LIKE pregnancy, the non-medical use of the drug, Tramadol, a widely prescribed painkiller, which, as a synthetic opioid that offers a valuable substitute for morphine, and its derivatives in African countries, has gone beyond the stage where our hands can cover it. It has protruded and has become a plague that must be fought to

ENERGY drinks are beverages that include considerable amounts of caffeine in combination with sugar and other substances such as taurine and guarana which are added for the purpose of boosting energy and mental performance. Energy drinks first appeared on the scene in the 1960’s in Europe and Asia and since then, its popularity has grown.

The website of the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a very interesting initial statement on prediabetes, “It’s real. It is common. And most importantly, it’s reversible. You can prevent or delay prediabetes from turning into type 2 diabetes with simple, proven lifestyle changes”. Prediabetes is also sometimes called borderline diabetes. Prediabetes is